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Wiki	Wiki Summary
Management	Management (or managing) is the administration of an organization, whether it is a business, a non-profit organization, or a government body. It is the art and science of managing resources of the business.
Network management	Network management is the process of administering and managing computer networks. Services provided by this discipline include fault analysis, performance management, provisioning of networks and maintaining quality of service.
Superintendent of police (India)	Superintendent of police or SP is a senior rank in Indian Police Service or IPS. Superintendent of Police in Hindi means पुलिस अधीक्षक. They have one Star and one Ashoka emblem on their shoulders and below IPS is written.
Order of Australia	The Order of Australia is an honour that recognises Australian citizens and other persons for outstanding achievement and service. It was established on 14 February 1975 by Elizabeth II, Queen of Australia, on the advice of the Australian Government.
Arithmetic	Arithmetic (from Ancient Greek ἀριθμός (arithmós) 'number', and τική [τέχνη] (tikḗ [tékhnē]) 'art, craft') is an elementary part of mathematics that consists of the study of the properties of the traditional operations on numbers—addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, exponentiation, and extraction of roots. In the 19th century, Italian mathematician Giuseppe Peano formalized arithmetic with his Peano axioms, which are highly important to the field of mathematical logic today.
Bitwise operation	In computer programming, a bitwise operation operates on a bit string, a bit array or a binary numeral (considered as a bit string) at the level of its individual bits. It is a fast and simple action, basic to the higher-level arithmetic operations and directly supported by the processor.
Emergency operations center	An emergency operations center (EOC) is a central command and control facility responsible for carrying out the principles of emergency preparedness and emergency management, or disaster management functions at a strategic level during an emergency, and ensuring the continuity of operation of a company, political subdivision or other organization.\nAn EOC is responsible for strategic direction and operational decisions and does not normally directly control field assets, instead leaving tactical decisions to lower commands.
Adverse effect	An adverse effect is an undesired harmful effect resulting from a medication or other intervention, such as surgery. An adverse effect may be termed a "side effect", when judged to be secondary to a main or therapeutic effect.
Material adverse change	In the fields of mergers and acquisitions and corporate finance, a material adverse change (abbreviated MAC), material adverse event (MAE), or material adverse effect (also MAE) is a change in circumstances that significantly reduces the value of a company. A contract to acquire, invest in, or lend money to a company often contains a term that allows the acquirer, investor, or lender to cancel the transaction if a material adverse change occurs.
Hostile witness	A hostile witness, also known as an adverse witness or an unfavorable witness, is a witness at trial whose testimony on direct examination is either openly antagonistic or appears to be contrary to the legal position of the party who called the witness. This concept is used in the legal proceedings in the United States, and analogues of it exist in other legal systems in Western countries.
Regulatory agency	A regulatory agency (regulatory body, regulator) or independent agency (independent regulatory agency) is a government authority that is responsible for exercising autonomous dominion over some area of human activity in a licensing and regulating capacity.\nThese are customarily set up to strengthen safety and standards, and/or to protect consumers in markets where there is a lack of effective competition.
Regulation	Regulation is the management of complex systems according to a set of rules and trends. In systems theory, these types of rules exist in various fields of biology and society, but the term has slightly different meanings according to context.
Nominal interest rate	In finance and economics, the nominal interest rate or nominal rate of interest is either of two distinct things: \n\nthe rate of interest before adjustment for inflation (in contrast with the real interest rate); or,\nfor interest rates "as stated" without adjustment for the full effect of compounding (also referred to as the nominal annual rate). An interest rate is called nominal if the frequency of compounding (e.g.
On-target earnings	"On-track" or "on-target" earnings (OTE) is a term often seen in job advertisements, especially for sales personnel. It is the expected total pay, if performance matches the expected targets.
Action potential	In physiology, an action potential (AP) occurs when the membrane potential of a specific cell location rapidly rises and falls. This depolarization then causes adjacent locations to similarly depolarize.
Trustmark (bank)	Trustmark is a commercial bank and financial services company headquartered in Jackson, Mississippi, United States, with subsidiaries Trustmark National Bank, Trustmark Investment Advisors, and Fisher Brown Bottrell Insurance. The bank's initial predecessor, The Jackson Bank, was chartered by the State of Mississippi in 1889.
Dirichlet conditions	In mathematics, the Dirichlet conditions are sufficient conditions for a real-valued, periodic function f to be equal to the sum of its Fourier series at each point where f is continuous. Moreover, the behavior of the Fourier series at points of discontinuity is determined as well (it is the midpoint of the values of the discontinuity).
Twenty-one Conditions	The Twenty-one Conditions, officially the Conditions of Admission to the Communist International, refer to the conditions, most of which were suggested by Vladimir Lenin, to the adhesion of the socialist parties to the Third International (Comintern) created in 1919. The conditions were formally adopted by the Second Congress of the Comintern in 1920.
Standard temperature and pressure	Standard temperature and pressure (STP) are standard sets of conditions for experimental measurements to be established to allow comparisons to be made between different sets of data. The most used standards are those of the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) and the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), although these are not universally accepted standards.
Regulation A	In the United States under the Securities Act of 1933, any offer to sell securities must either be registered with the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) or meet certain qualifications to exempt it from such registration. Regulation A (or Reg A) contains rules providing exemptions from the registration requirements, allowing some companies to use equity crowdfunding to offer and sell their securities without having to register the securities with the SEC. Regulation A offerings are intended to make access to capital possible for small and medium-sized companies that could not otherwise bear the costs of a normal SEC registration and to allow nonaccredited investors to participate in the offering.
Queen's Regulations	The Queen's Regulations (first published in 1731 and known as the King's Regulations when the monarch is a king) is a collection of orders and regulations in force in the Royal Navy, British Army, Royal Air Force, and Commonwealth Realm Forces (where the same person as on the British throne is also their separate head of state), forming guidance for officers of these armed services in all matters of discipline and personal conduct. Originally, a single set of regulations were published in one volume.
Regulatory state	The term regulatory state refers to the expansion in the use of rulemaking, monitoring and enforcement techniques and institutions by the state and to a parallel change in the way its positive or negative functions in society are being carried out. The expansion of the state nowadays is generally via regulation and less via taxing and spending.
Regulatory capture	In politics, regulatory capture (also agency capture and client politics) is a form of corruption of authority that occurs when a political entity, policymaker, or regulator is co-opted to serve the commercial, ideological, or political interests of a minor constituency, such as a particular geographic area, industry, profession, or ideological group.When regulatory capture occurs, a special interest is prioritized over the general interests of the public, leading to a net loss for society. The theory of client politics is related to that of rent-seeking and political failure; client politics "occurs when most or all of the benefits of a program go to some single, reasonably small interest (e.g., industry, profession, or locality) but most or all of the costs will be borne by a large number of people (for example, all taxpayers)".
Regulatory T cell	The regulatory T cells (Tregs or Treg cells), formerly known as suppressor T cells, are a subpopulation of T cells that modulate the immune system, maintain tolerance to self-antigens, and prevent autoimmune disease. Treg cells are immunosuppressive and generally suppress or downregulate induction and proliferation of effector T cells.
Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses	In banking, the Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses (ALLL), formerly known as the reserve for bad debts, is a calculated reserve that financial institutions establish in relation to the estimated credit risk within the institution's assets. This credit risk represents the charge-offs that will most likely be realized against an institution's operating income as of the financial statement end date.
Current Expected Credit Losses	Current Expected Credit Losses (CECL) is a credit loss accounting standard (model) that was issued by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) on June 16, 2016. CECL replaces the current Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses (ALLL) accounting standard.
Subsidiary	A subsidiary, subsidiary company or daughter company is a company owned or controlled by another company, which is called the parent company or holding company. Two or more subsidiaries that belong to the same parent company are called sister companies.
Conglomerate (company)	A conglomerate is a multi-industry company – i.e., a combination of multiple business entities operating in entirely different industries under one corporate group, usually involving a parent company and many subsidiaries. Conglomerates are often large and multinational.
List of unsolved problems in economics	This is a list of some of the major unsolved problems, puzzles, or questions in economics. Some of these are theoretical in origin and some of them concern the inability of orthodox economic theory to explain an empirical observation.
Mergers and acquisitions	In corporate finance, mergers and acquisitions (M&A) are transactions in which the ownership of companies, other business organizations, or their operating units are transferred or consolidated with other entities. As an aspect of strategic management, M&A can allow enterprises to grow or downsize, and change the nature of their business or competitive position.
Electric potential	The electric potential (also called the electric field potential, potential drop, the electrostatic potential) is defined as the amount of work energy needed to move a unit of electric charge from a reference point to the specific point in an electric field. More precisely, it is the energy per unit charge for a test charge that is so small that the disturbance of the field under consideration is negligible.
Gravitational potential	In classical mechanics, the gravitational potential at a location is equal to the work (energy transferred) per unit mass that would be needed to move an object to that location from a fixed reference location. It is analogous to the electric potential with mass playing the role of charge.
Resting potential	A relatively static membrane potential which is usually referred to as the ground value for trans-membrane voltage.\n\nThe relatively static membrane potential of quiescent cells is called the resting membrane potential (or resting voltage), as opposed to the specific dynamic electrochemical phenomena called action potential and graded membrane potential.
Target Australia	Target Australia (formerly Lindsay's and commonly known as Target) is a department store chain owned by Australian retail conglomerate Wesfarmers. Target stocks clothing, cosmetics, homewares, electronics, books, and toys selling both in-store and online.
Technological evolution	The term technological evolution captures explanations of technological change that draw on mechanisms from evolutionary biology. Evolutionary biology has one of its roots in the book “On the origin of species” by Charles Darwin.
Technological utopianism	Technological utopianism (often called techno-utopianism or technoutopianism) is any ideology based on the premise that advances in science and technology could and should bring about a utopia, or at least help to fulfill one or another utopian ideal.\nA techno-utopia is therefore an ideal society, in which laws, government, and social conditions are solely operating for the benefit and well-being of all its citizens, set in the near- or far-future, as advanced science and technology will allow these ideal living standards to exist; for example, post-scarcity, transformations in human nature, the avoidance or prevention of suffering and even the end of death.
Visvesvaraya Technological University	Visvesvaraya Technological University (VTU), previously spelled Visveswaraiah Technological University, is a collegiate public state university in Belagavi, Karnataka established by the Government of Karnataka. All colleges in the State of Karnataka imparting education in Engineering or Technology, except those that have the consent of VTU and sanction of the Government, are required to be affiliated with Visvesvaraya Technological University, Belagavi.

Risk Factors
INTEGRA BANK CORP ITEM 1A RISK FACTORS The following are the material risks and uncertainties that management believes are relevant to the Company
You should carefully consider the risks and uncertainties described below together with all of the other information included or incorporated by reference in this report
These are not the only risks facing the Company
Additional risks and uncertainties that management is not aware of, focused on, or that management currently deems immaterial may also impair the Company’s business operations
Any forward looking statements in this report are qualified by reference to these risk factors
See Item 7 “Management Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” for an explanation of forward looking statements
If any of the following risks actually occur, the Company’s financial condition and results of operations could be materially and adversely affected
RISKS RELATED TO OUR BUSINESS We Are Subject To Interest Rate Risk Our earnings and cash flows are largely dependent upon our net interest income
Net interest income is the difference between interest income earned on interest-earning assets such as loans and securities and interest expense paid on interest-bearing liabilities such as deposits and borrowed funds
Interest rates are highly sensitive to many factors that are beyond our control, including general economic conditions and policies of various 8 _________________________________________________________________ [60]Table of Contents governmental and regulatory agencies and, in particular, the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System
Changes in monetary policy, including changes in interest rates, could influence not only the interest we receive on loans and securities and the amount of interest we pay on deposits and borrowings, but such changes could also affect (1) our ability to originate loans and obtain deposits, (2) the fair value of our financial assets and liabilities, and (3) the average duration of our securities portfolio
If the interest rates paid on deposits and other borrowings increase at a faster rate than the interest rates received on loans and other investments, our net interest income, and therefore earnings, could be adversely affected
Earnings could also be adversely affected if the interest rates received on loans and other investments fall more quickly than the interest rates paid on deposits and other borrowings
Although we believe we have implemented effective asset and liability management strategies to reduce the potential effects of changes in interest rates on our results of operations, any substantial, unexpected, prolonged change in market interest rates or continual flattening or inversion of the yield curve could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations
We Are Subject To Lending Risk There are inherent risks associated with our lending activities
These risks include, among other things, the impact of changes in interest rates and changes in the economic conditions in the markets where we operate
Increases in interest rates, minimum required payments, energy prices and/or weakening economic conditions could adversely impact the ability of borrowers to repay outstanding loans, the value of the collateral securing loans, or demand for our loan products
We are also subject to various laws and regulations that affect our lending activities
Failure to comply with applicable laws and regulations could subject us to regulatory enforcement action that could result in the assessment of significant civil money penalties
As of December 31, 2005, approximately 55prca of our loan portfolio consisted of commercial and industrial, agricultural, construction and commercial real estate loans
These types of loans are typically larger than residential real estate and consumer loans, which make up the remaining 45prca of our loan portfolio
Because the portfolio contains a significant number of commercial and industrial, agricultural, construction and commercial real estate loans with relatively large balances, the deterioration of one or a few of these loans could cause a significant increase in non-performing loans
An increase in non-performing loans could result in a net loss of earnings from these loans, an increase in the provision for loan losses and an increase in loan charge-offs, all of which could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations
Our Allowance For Possible Loan Losses May Be Insufficient We maintain an allowance for loan losses, which is a reserve established through a provision for loan losses charged to expense
This reserve represents our best estimate of probable losses that have been incurred within the existing portfolio of loans
The allowance, in our judgment is necessary to reserve for estimated loan losses and risks inherent in the loan portfolio
The level of the allowance reflects our ongoing evaluation of various factors, including growth of the portfolio, an analysis of individual credits, adverse situations that could affect a borrower’s ability to repay, prior and current loss experience, the results of regulatory examinations, and current economic conditions
The determination of the appropriate level of the allowance for loan losses inherently involves a high degree of subjectivity and requires us to make significant estimates of current credit risks and future trends, all of which may undergo material changes
Changes in economic conditions affecting borrowers, new information regarding existing loans, identification of additional problem loans and other factors, both within and outside of our control, may require an increase in the allowance for loan losses
In addition, bank regulatory agencies periodically review our allowance for loan losses and may require an increase in the provision for loan losses or the recognition of further loan charge-offs, based on judgments different than those of management
In addition, if charge-offs in future periods exceed the allowance for possible loan losses, we will need additional provisions to increase the allowance for possible loan losses
Any increases in the allowance for possible loan losses will result in a decrease in net income and, possibly, capital, and may have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations
9 _________________________________________________________________ [61]Table of Contents Our Profitability Depends Significantly On Economic Conditions In The States of Indiana, Illinois, Kentucky, and Ohio Our success depends primarily on the general economic conditions of the specific local markets in which we operate
Unlike larger national or other regional banks that are more geographically diversified, we provide banking and financial services primarily to customers in Southern Indiana, Southern Illinois and Western and Northeast Kentucky
In addition, we have commercial real estate loan production (“LPO”) offices located in Cleveland and Cincinnati Ohio, as well as Louisville, Kentucky
The local economic conditions in these areas have a significant impact on the demand for our products and services as well as the ability of our customers to repay loans, the value of the collateral securing loans and the stability of our deposit funding sources
A significant decline in general economic conditions, caused by inflation, recession, acts of terrorism, outbreak of hostilities or other domestic occurrences, unemployment, changes in securities markets or other factors could impact these local economic conditions and, in turn, have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations
We Operate In A Highly Competitive Industry and Market Area We face substantial competition in all areas of our operations from a variety of different competitors, many of which are larger and may have more financial resources
Such competitors primarily include national, regional, and community banks within the various markets in which we operate
We also face competition from many other types of financial institutions, including, without limitation, savings and loans, credit unions, finance companies, brokerage firms, insurance companies, factoring companies and other financial intermediaries
Additionally, technology has lowered barriers to entry and made it possible for non-banks to offer products and services traditionally provided by banks, such as automatic transfer and automatic payment systems
Some of our competitors have fewer regulatory constraints and may have lower cost structures
Additionally, due to their size, many competitors may be able to achieve economies of scale and, as a result, may offer a broader range of products and services as well as better pricing for those products and services than we can
Local or privately held community banking organizations in certain markets may price or structure their products in such a way that it makes it difficult for us to compete in those markets in a way that allows us to meet our profitability or credit goals
Our ability to compete successfully depends on a number of factors, including, among other things: 1
The ability to develop, maintain and build upon long-term customer relationships
The ability to expand our market position
The scope, relevance and pricing of products and services
The rate at which we introduce new products and services
Customer satisfaction
Industry and general economic trends
Failure to perform in any of these areas could significantly weaken our competitive position, which could adversely affect our growth and profitability, which, in turn, could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations
We Are Subject To Extensive Government Regulation and Supervision We are subject to extensive federal and state regulation and supervision
Banking regulations are primarily intended to protect depositors’ funds, federal deposit insurance funds and the banking system as a whole, not shareholders
These regulations affect several areas, including our lending practices, capital structure, investment practices, dividend policy and growth, and requirements to maintain the confidentially of information relating to our customers
Congress and federal agencies continually review banking laws, regulations and policies for possible changes
Changes to statutes, regulations or regulatory policies, including changes in interpretation of statutes, regulations or policies could affect us in substantial and unpredictable ways
Such changes could subject us to additional costs, limit the types of financial services and products we may offer and/or increase the ability of non-banks to offer competing financial services and products, among other things
Failure to comply with laws, 10 _________________________________________________________________ [62]Table of Contents regulations or policies could result in sanctions by regulatory agencies, civil money penalties and/or reputation damage, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations
While we have policies and procedures designed to prevent any such violations, there can be no assurance that such violations will not occur
Our Controls and Procedures May Fail or Be Circumvented We regularly review and update our internal controls, disclosure controls and procedures, and corporate governance policies and procedures
Any system of controls, however well designed and operated, is based in part on certain assumptions and can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurances that the objectives of the system are met
Any failure or circumvention of our controls and procedures or failure to comply with regulations related to controls and procedures could result in fraud, operational or other losses that adversely impact our business, results of operations and financial condition
Fraud risks could include fraud by employees, vendors, customers or anyone we or our customers do business or come in contact with
The Parent Company Relies On Dividends From Integra Bank For Most Of Its Revenue The parent company, Integra Bank Corporation, is a separate and distinct legal entity from its subsidiaries
It receives substantially all of its revenue from dividends from the Bank
These dividends are the principal source of funds to pay dividends on the parent company’s common stock and interest and principal on the parent company’s debt
Federal and/or state laws and regulations limit the amount of dividends that the Bank may pay to the parent company
Also, a holding company’s right to participate in a distribution of assets upon a subsidiary’s liquidation or reorganization is subject to the prior claims of the subsidiary’s creditors
In the event the Bank is unable to pay dividends to the parent company, the parent company may not be able to service debt, pay obligations or pay dividends on its common stock
The inability to receive dividends from the Bank could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations
Potential Acquisitions May Disrupt Our Business and Dilute Stockholder Value We seek merger or acquisition partners that are culturally similar and have experienced management and possess either significant market presence or have potential for improved profitability through financial management, economies of scale or expanded services
Acquiring other banks, businesses, or branches involves various risks commonly associated with acquisitions, including, among other things: • Potential exposure to unknown or contingent liabilities of the target company
• Exposure to potential asset quality issues of the target company
• Difficulty and expense of integrating the operations and personnel of the target company
• Potential disruption to our business
• Potential diversion of our management’s time and attention
• The possible loss of key employees and customers of the target company
• Difficulty in estimating the value of the target company
We evaluate merger and acquisition opportunities and conduct due diligence activities related to possible transactions with other financial institutions and financial services companies
As a result, merger or acquisition discussions and, in some cases, negotiations may take place and future mergers or acquisitions involving cash, debt or equity securities may occur at any time
Acquisitions typically involve the payment of a premium over book and market values, and, therefore, some dilution of our tangible book value and net income per common share may occur in connection with any future transaction
Furthermore, failure to realize the expected revenue increases, cost savings, increases in geographic or product presence, and/or other projected benefits from an acquisition could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations
11 _________________________________________________________________ [63]Table of Contents We May Not Be Able To Attract and Retain Skilled People Our success depends, in large part, on our ability to attract and retain key people
Competition for the best people in most activities engaged in by us can be intense and we may not be able to hire people or to retain them
The unexpected loss of services of one or more of our key personnel could have a material adverse impact on our business because of their skills, knowledge of our local markets, years of industry experience and the difficulty of promptly finding qualified replacement personnel
Our Information Systems May Experience An Interruption Or Breach In Security We rely heavily on communications and information systems to conduct our business
Any failure, interruption or breach in security of these systems could result in failures or disruptions in our general ledger, deposit, loan and other systems, including risks to data integrity
While we have policies and procedures designed to prevent or limit the effect of the failure, interruption or security breach of our information systems, there can be no assurance that any such failures, interruptions or security breaches will not occur or, if they do occur, that they will be adequately addressed
The occurrence of any failures, interruptions or security breaches of our information systems could damage our reputation, result in a loss of customer business, subject us to additional regulatory scrutiny, or expose us to civil litigation and possible financial liability, any of which could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations
We Continually Encounter Technological Change The financial services industry is continually undergoing rapid technological change with frequent introductions of new technology-driven products and services
The effective use of technology increases efficiency and enables financial institutions to better serve customers and to reduce costs
Our future success depends, in part, upon our ability to address the needs of our customers by using technology to provide products and services that will satisfy customer demands, as well as to create additional efficiencies in our operations
Many of our competitors have substantially greater resources to invest in technological improvements
We may not be able to effectively implement new technology-driven products and services or be successfully in marketing these products and services to our customers
Failure to successfully keep pace with technological change affecting the financial services industry could have a material adverse impact on our business and, in turn, our financial condition and results of operations